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56mw per led,12000k 300mcd per led, 8000k 1400mcd per led. 60cm version has 12 x 12000k led's and 84 x 8000k leds.

I use one 50w led on my 2ft cube have it running at about 50-60% and it grows anything I want (glosso,cuba etc.). this is not the floodlight though just the led/driver/heatsink/fan.

Special Kitty Non Clumping Cat Litter from Walmart

adding salt is not always a good idea... to some species it can be deadly...freshwater fish do not need salt although some, black mollies for instance, do benefit from a very small addition of salt. Salt will also play with your Ph levels(Kh and Gh too).... What else do you have in the filter...

as many as it takes to get to as near 30ppm as you can without causing stress to the inhabitants. Every tank is different so there is no set bubble rate per second.

after a few years of testing various 'specialist' substrates I now only use the cat litter, it's cheap and is as good if not better than some 'specialist' substrates, the only fault with it imo is the colour but then once the plants have grown you don't see much of it anyway :)

possible closed and bleached aiptasia but can't find a good close up of an aips foot to be sure.

I can't guarantee the authenticity of any image or any advice just trying to prove my point that what one person would say is ok is not necessarily the best for the fish. Unfortunately fish stores in the most part are only interested in one thing sales, if that means selling an unsuitable fish...

yep max 8 inches right... and the rest comets are single tail and only suitable for a pond

just because it could be done does not mean it should be done, an adult oranda could end up struggling to turn around in that tank, no matter the amount of filtration it will not remove the hormones released by these fish and therefor could stunt their already line bred induced body shape...

you don't need co2 with that ammount of light but you will need some ferts, maybe only trace and not macro. Liquid carbon will also help as it is an algaecide.

A UV clarifier will kill or severely damage (so that they die) single celled algae that passes through them. The passes through is important as thats all it will kill if the algae is attached in your tank then the UV does nothing to it. If your tank is reasonably planted then the cause of the...

A healthy fish will not be sucked into a normal aquarium pump. Snails will crawl into them on their own even to the point of stalling the pump usually without damage to the snail.

single tail goldfish should not be kept in an aquarium they are pond fish. Twin tailed goldfish should have 160l for the first fish plus an extra 60l per an additional fish. white clouds and other similar sized temperate fish will be eaten sooner or later by goldfish. Oranda can grow between...

remove to spare tank and change some water daily they will not make much waste themselves but you will feeding them so it will need the bottom siphoning daily or even after each feed to keep clean, you will need food for them that needs to be relative in size obviously, micro worms are a good...

as a last resort suck on the outlet but don't swallow ;)

removal of all nitrate will be nigh on impossible but a very low level can be detrimental to plants which is why a complete fert that has micro and macro nutrients is used (micro nutrients are your trace elements(most general ferts are these))(macro nutrients are nitrogen(nitrate)phosphates and...

I use a turkey baster for that

water change up to 90% with dechlorinated and temperature matched water will make the difference, by only doing 25% water changes you only remove slightly less than 25% of the remaining nitrate each time, 40ppm,30ppm,23ppm,19ppm roughly ignoring the fact your putting 5ppm of 25% back in each...

if you mean the plug where it goes into the socket on the wall then chop it off and fit a new one. Order a new filter as a spare covers both options.

its disappearing under plants now :) so can't see it alot anyway.

root tabs in the sand will need to be replaced every six months or so maybe less depending on manufacturer. rinsing cat litter is easier than rinsing sand. also be aware some people have difficulty keeping the sand clean i.e. hard to get the fish waste off. also it can suffer from compaction...

1. yes unless your very careful. 2. no but it contains no nutrients. 3. yes you could 4. depends on the flow and how it is dispersed around the tank but it could. Have you considered the cat litter from tesco(pink bag low dust) it is made from baked clay the same as a lot of 'proper' plant...

List of low light easy plants Java Fern - Microsorum pteropus Windelov Java Fern, Windelov Fern - Microsorum pteropus 'Windelov' Narrow Leaf Java Fern - Microsorum pteropus v. 'narrow leaf' Java Moss - Vesicularia dubyana Green Hygro - Hygrophila polysperma ********Sunset Hygro - Hygrophila...

it is a male and in full breeding colour, mine are always cloured too guess they just horney little so and so's :)

Nannostomus beckfordi in full breeding colours

chances are no as the p.u.r. would not be there.

As the OP has not offered more information as yet my best guess is that the heater is causing electrical interference or perhaps electrical leakage into the tank and this is effecting the readings from the electronic Ph meter. but I may be wrong.

and when you turn it off how quick is the ph back to normal?

that depends mainly on the height you mount them at at around 24 inches above the substrate they would not spotlight for definite the lower you go the more chance there is, but you can normally remove or not fit the lenses anyway

no worries ask more if you need :)

1 driver will not run two different types of led at the same time without some quite detailed electronics wired in aswell.

but you will have no where near 50 par with you t8 set up anyway IMO 2 x 10w led will be much better than what you have now with no extra cost in electricity :)

one thing i have not mentioned and i am unaware if you know or not is that LEDs give more light for the wattage than fluorescents so 20w led will be more bright than your current 20w set up. i know i know more decisions lol.

Java Fern - Microsorum pteropus Windelov Java Fern, Windelov Fern - Microsorum pteropus 'Windelov' Narrow Leaf Java Fern - Microsorum pteropus v. 'narrow leaf' Java Moss - Vesicularia dubyana Green Hygro - Hygrophila polysperma *Sunset Hygro - Hygrophila polysperma 'Rosanervig' Ceylon Hygro -...

probably just a genetic mutation, political correctness ignored for a moment dwarfism affects all sorts of species.

if you do only want 20w just get 2 of the led's (my pm'ed link) and 2 drivers these

if you have high light you must add ferts and carbon otherwise you will get algae. Light needs to be your limiting factor not the ferts or carbon. If you dont want to add carbon reduce the lighting, but you will still need some ferts at some time.