I'm cycling a 10 gallon. It's heavily planted, with its plants, driftwood, filter, and substrate all from established aquariums.
Here's the levels so far:
If you have taken an established filter from one tank and put it on a new tank, you can normally add fish 24hours later.
If your ammonia & nitrite are on 0 and the nitrates are less than 20ppm, go get some fish
However, if you have any ammonia or nitrite, or your nitrate is over 20ppm, do a 75% water change and wait 24 hours, if they are 0 after that get some fish.
When you say the filter was just sitting in the tank but not run, was there water and fish living in that tank?
If yes, the filter might have some bacteria in it but it depends on how long the filter was in the tank for before being moved into this new tank.
The fact the ammonia dropped from 3ppm to 0.5ppm after 3 days would suggest either the plants used it or the filter has some bacteria that used it.
Does your tap water have nitrate in it?
If not do a huge water change on the tank and then check the nitrate, it should be 0 or close to 0.
Then add some more ammonia and monitor the ammonia, nitrite and nitrate over the next few days. If the ammonia goes down and the nitrate goes up, the filters are working and have good bacteria in them. If that is the case then you can add some fish