quyenquang1988
New Member
Every year around February and March (lunar calendar) when the weather warms up is also the time to enter a new fish farming season. For a successful crop, farmers must strictly follow the technical process of fish farming. Recent practice shows that weather and environment are somewhat complicated, water sources are increasingly polluted with many potential pathogens ... Therefore, farmers need to perform the following steps well:
1. Clean the pond before each crop: The fish pond position is not covered by trees, the water supply source must be active, not polluted. In the process of improving the pond, we should clear the grass; dredging pond bottom mud; fill all holes, holes around the pond banks; liming at a dose of 10-15kg / 100m 2 to destroy pathogens, stabilize pH and kill impurities.
2. Selection of fingerlings: This is a major decisive factor to the success of the farming season, fingerlings must be healthy, uniform in size, bright in color, agile, purchased from production facilities. reputable breed. Before buying, the fingerlings must be quarantined, do not carry pathogens, the health of the fish can be checked by putting the fish in a pot and stirring lightly with your hands. If the fish swim, move quickly upstream, the fish is healthy. Note before stocking, you need to bathe and disinfect the fish with salt and when stocking the fish, you need to open the mouth of the fish bag to put the pond water in the bag, then let the fish slowly swim out, in order to avoid shocking the fish.
3. Season and stocking density: -According to the seasonal calendar of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development every year. Should enlist early drop, drop from March to April (calendar).
- Depending on economic conditions, technical level for households to choose the form of Intensive or semi-intensive farming to stock the right density depending on the species of fish: the group of fish has no additional respiratory organs (tilapia , bighead, grass carp, carp, ...) drop to 1-3 degrees below human bile / m 2 ; group of fish with additional respiratory organs (tra, catfish, ...) stocked with a density of 5 - 10 fish / m 2 . Stocking fish at the right density for good fish development, less susceptibility to disease, shortening the farming time, reaching large commercial sizes, and selling at high prices in order to bring high economic efficiency.
4. Polyculture: In the same pond, it is possible to combine fish species together to take advantage of the water surface and all kinds of food in the pond because each fish species lives in a water layer and has food. private. When grafting should note:
- The number of fish species stocked should be less than 5 species.
- The main cultured species accounts for 50% - 70% of the total fish species, the rest are grafted objects.
- The types of fish stocked must be relatively equal and stocked at the same time.
- The grafted fish species must not have the same eating habits and living space.
- Farming time and commercial fish prices, fish species are nearly equal for easy sale.
For example: If the farming of tilapia is main, we can stock the following rates: Tilapia: 60% + Carp 10% + Grass carp 10% + White sesame fish 15% + Flower sesame 5%.
5. Take proper care of the technique, feed according to the principle of 4 quantitative: quantity, quality, position and timing to ensure healthy fish, less infection, reduce environmental pollution in ponds and reduce cost of food.Depending on the farming conditions to choose the right feed, industrial feed can be used to eat homemade feed from local by-products such as rice bran, vegetables, etc. Small fish are fed with content. Protein is high and decreases gradually as the fish grows. Small fish were fed 5 - 7% of body weight, and large fish were fed 2 - 3% of body weight. Feeding trays should be used to facilitate feed management and avoid pollution of the pond environment.
6. Water quality management in ponds: ponds must be ventilated, the depth of fishponds should be 1.2 to 2 m, the depth of breeding fish ponds: 0.7 to 1.2 m, pH is stable from 6, 5 - 8.5 means fish pond water is green with pea pod or young banana leaf green is good, dissolved oxygen content 5 - 8mg / l, water temperature: 25 - 30 0 C.
7. For ponds that are difficult to change water or can not change water: when raising fish in the last months of harvest, pond water is polluted due to excess feed and fish feces released during the farming process. The risk of disease is very high, so some probiotics can be used to treat pond bottoms.
8. During the farming process, fish disease prevention is the best because when the fish is sick, the treatment is very difficult, costly and ineffective. Therefore, every 1 week / 2 times, mix Vitamin C into feed. fish eat to increase the resistance to fish, note: Vitamin C is very soluble in water, so when mixing Vitamin C in food, it is necessary to use adhesives such as squid oil, ... to increase efficiency. Or it is possible to use locally available medicinal plants to prevent fish diseases such as: oval leaves, squid grass ... In the rainy season, the pond is very easy to change season, making the pond water pH very low; Such sudden changes in pH cause the fish to be shocked, reducing their resistance and making it easier for pathogens to enter the fish's body. Should prevent by: Every 2 weeks / time sprinkle lime around the pond banks to prevent rainwater from bringing down alum and dirt from the pond banks. At the same time,2 , lime is useful for killing bacteria, stabilizing pH of water and preventing diseases for fish.
9. Production diary recording: Record fully the jobs during the farming process to serve as a basis for economic accounting and traceability of products, especially VietGAP or exported products.
#follow me for good knowledge. Have you to nice day.....
1. Clean the pond before each crop: The fish pond position is not covered by trees, the water supply source must be active, not polluted. In the process of improving the pond, we should clear the grass; dredging pond bottom mud; fill all holes, holes around the pond banks; liming at a dose of 10-15kg / 100m 2 to destroy pathogens, stabilize pH and kill impurities.
2. Selection of fingerlings: This is a major decisive factor to the success of the farming season, fingerlings must be healthy, uniform in size, bright in color, agile, purchased from production facilities. reputable breed. Before buying, the fingerlings must be quarantined, do not carry pathogens, the health of the fish can be checked by putting the fish in a pot and stirring lightly with your hands. If the fish swim, move quickly upstream, the fish is healthy. Note before stocking, you need to bathe and disinfect the fish with salt and when stocking the fish, you need to open the mouth of the fish bag to put the pond water in the bag, then let the fish slowly swim out, in order to avoid shocking the fish.
3. Season and stocking density: -According to the seasonal calendar of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development every year. Should enlist early drop, drop from March to April (calendar).
- Depending on economic conditions, technical level for households to choose the form of Intensive or semi-intensive farming to stock the right density depending on the species of fish: the group of fish has no additional respiratory organs (tilapia , bighead, grass carp, carp, ...) drop to 1-3 degrees below human bile / m 2 ; group of fish with additional respiratory organs (tra, catfish, ...) stocked with a density of 5 - 10 fish / m 2 . Stocking fish at the right density for good fish development, less susceptibility to disease, shortening the farming time, reaching large commercial sizes, and selling at high prices in order to bring high economic efficiency.
4. Polyculture: In the same pond, it is possible to combine fish species together to take advantage of the water surface and all kinds of food in the pond because each fish species lives in a water layer and has food. private. When grafting should note:
- The number of fish species stocked should be less than 5 species.
- The main cultured species accounts for 50% - 70% of the total fish species, the rest are grafted objects.
- The types of fish stocked must be relatively equal and stocked at the same time.
- The grafted fish species must not have the same eating habits and living space.
- Farming time and commercial fish prices, fish species are nearly equal for easy sale.
For example: If the farming of tilapia is main, we can stock the following rates: Tilapia: 60% + Carp 10% + Grass carp 10% + White sesame fish 15% + Flower sesame 5%.
5. Take proper care of the technique, feed according to the principle of 4 quantitative: quantity, quality, position and timing to ensure healthy fish, less infection, reduce environmental pollution in ponds and reduce cost of food.Depending on the farming conditions to choose the right feed, industrial feed can be used to eat homemade feed from local by-products such as rice bran, vegetables, etc. Small fish are fed with content. Protein is high and decreases gradually as the fish grows. Small fish were fed 5 - 7% of body weight, and large fish were fed 2 - 3% of body weight. Feeding trays should be used to facilitate feed management and avoid pollution of the pond environment.
6. Water quality management in ponds: ponds must be ventilated, the depth of fishponds should be 1.2 to 2 m, the depth of breeding fish ponds: 0.7 to 1.2 m, pH is stable from 6, 5 - 8.5 means fish pond water is green with pea pod or young banana leaf green is good, dissolved oxygen content 5 - 8mg / l, water temperature: 25 - 30 0 C.
7. For ponds that are difficult to change water or can not change water: when raising fish in the last months of harvest, pond water is polluted due to excess feed and fish feces released during the farming process. The risk of disease is very high, so some probiotics can be used to treat pond bottoms.
8. During the farming process, fish disease prevention is the best because when the fish is sick, the treatment is very difficult, costly and ineffective. Therefore, every 1 week / 2 times, mix Vitamin C into feed. fish eat to increase the resistance to fish, note: Vitamin C is very soluble in water, so when mixing Vitamin C in food, it is necessary to use adhesives such as squid oil, ... to increase efficiency. Or it is possible to use locally available medicinal plants to prevent fish diseases such as: oval leaves, squid grass ... In the rainy season, the pond is very easy to change season, making the pond water pH very low; Such sudden changes in pH cause the fish to be shocked, reducing their resistance and making it easier for pathogens to enter the fish's body. Should prevent by: Every 2 weeks / time sprinkle lime around the pond banks to prevent rainwater from bringing down alum and dirt from the pond banks. At the same time,2 , lime is useful for killing bacteria, stabilizing pH of water and preventing diseases for fish.
9. Production diary recording: Record fully the jobs during the farming process to serve as a basis for economic accounting and traceability of products, especially VietGAP or exported products.
#follow me for good knowledge. Have you to nice day.....
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