Saw an aging study that referred to 40 months as "extreme old age" in male Bettas.
Granted, it was an old study, I think sixties or seventies, which was the time of "old water" (IE: water changes just north of never) Fishkeeping, If I'm not mistaken.
For comparison purposes, while the max recorded human lifespan is around 120 years, I think most would consider 80-90 a long life.
EDIT: thought he would mention that betta splendens nests tend to be spaced about a meter in rice paddies, which means that a wild male betta will defend a territory about two meters in diameter.
Keep in mind that this is a fish that doesn't always get over 65mm, that's about 90 times the fish's length!!
From this base they were then bred for even more fighting ability and aggression for many generations before the more recent trend toward ornamental forms.
It's really no wonder at all why the males often try to kill each other on sight now!