Dwarf puffers will very likely make snacks out of any shrimps really, especially baby shrimps but the adult shrimps may be ok depending on specie type of shrimp provided there are hiding places and plants etc (java moss is especially good baby shrimps).
But even then I would not really risk having any specie of shrimp with dwarf puffers at all.
Generally speaking, ALL fish will eat shrimps, after all its a natural food source for fish in the wild. Trick is to find certain species of fish that may leave shrimsp alone, ie fish with small mouths such as Celestial Pearl Danios but even they will snack on a baby shrimps given the chance but they will leave the aduts well alone due to the size and speed of the shrimps (shrimps sure can move pretty darn fast when they need to
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But if youre after setting a shrimps only tank, as Fluttermoth already mentioned, an established tank will do best, a tank thats been running for a month ot two at least but I'd say 3 month or more with livestock and plants is the ideal starter for shrimps really.
And then starting with Red Cherry Shrimps as they are more forgiving to water parameters compared to riili or crystals etc. Once more experienced with shrimps and learning what they need and how they survive, you then can perhaps start looking into the more sensitive species such as rilli or very high grades of shrimps, remember, the higher the grade, the more expensive and sensitive these shrimps will be.
Shrimps do not need high filtration and a simple sponge filter with airline will suffice really, a 3 gallon tank will work but remember the smaller the tank, the more likely water parameter fluctuations may be, but a 5 gal tank does nicely for a shrimps only tank with some nice wood and plants and the addition of some snails will help add a little variety.
I have a little 5 gallon tank with some low grade cherries and 4 fully grown amano shrimps with a variety of snails. Couple of nice pieces of bogwood, anubias, java fern and balansae crypts, a powered sponge filter, a 3w LED tube, nice little lively tank that has nice plant growth. I add a little plant ferts once a week, feed th shrimps with a variety of food, normal fish food, algae wafers, melon, peas, a treat of frozen food once a month are a few examples of what I normally feed, also as another treat some aramanth or even mulberry leaves is something they go crazy for as a treat once in a while. Also the addition of capatta leaves is good for them.