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What plants goes well with neon fish? And what is the correct name for neon fish?

The name "neon fish" can be a few different things. Are you talking Paracheirodon innesi, the neon tetra, or the various genetically modified fish sold a neon or 'glo-fish'?
 
There is only one species of neon tetra, Paracheirodon innesi. But there are selectively bred variants such diamond neon tetras, gold neon tetras etc.

Black neon tetras are a different species, Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi.

Green neon tetras, also called false neon tetras, are another species, Paracheirodon simulans.



And there are many other species with the word 'neon' in the name which are not tetras.
 
The only neon tetra is innesi. There are a couple of farm produced linebred versions.

There is a separate species with a different geographic range, Paracheirodon simulans, which is sold as the green neon tetra. It is not a sub species, but a full species.
 
Pretty well any aquatic plants will do. If you are into biotope tanks, you'll have to research what grows in their range. There is a lot of youtube video on green neons (P simulans) in nature, but I haven't found much on innesi. If you check wild video, you see what to look for. But if you like regular tanks, you are pretty well unlimited plant options.
 
What about what plants goes well with neon tetra?
Floating plants are a good idea to give them some cover and to dim the lights in their tank. That's more in line with their natural habitat. I use salvinia minima myself.
Probably not exactly what you have in mind but dry leaf litter is also good for them. Oak leaves or almond leaves. As they decompose, they release tannins into the water and also stain the water some, which also replicates their natural environment.
 
They're not picky. I agree with Salvinia. Other suggestions that are easy to grow--rotala (fast growing), java fern (slow, just make sure not to bury the ribosome), Anubias (really slow, also don't bury ribosome), I really like the appearance of Cryptocoryne varieties.
 
Obviously this depends on their living conditions. If well cared for they may live 5-8 years. Some people report they had one for 9 or even 10 years.
Look at Seriouslyfish.com to find out their requirements.
You will see they need soft or very soft water, plenty of swimming room plus shelter from overhead light. Shade can come from plants; and dark water (tanin stained) is optimal.
Cardinals need a higher temperature than a lot of tropical fish.
Neon tetra frequently have health issues (a slow virus is prevalent) due to mass production in poor conditions.
 

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