I'd just like to point out that the defensive nature of shoaling is only one of four main reasons identified for shoaling.
The others are ease of reproduction, better food searching ability, and increased swimming efficiency (especially in the polarised mass known as schools).
However, if you want to see a shoal then the more the better. I know it's harder for us to do but at the lfs in one of their display tanks (I'd guess it's around 200 gallons) they have bumped the cardinal tetra shoal up from 20 to over 50 and as a result, while there are always a few spread out, they do tend to shoal a lot better.
Andy