Interesting story this week from a local reef club member. He was running a 5-6 inch sand bed, established more than 2 years. Was starting to have some issues with corals not opening up all the way, fish unhappy, etc. Checked his parameters and everything was well withing range.
Was considering changing some things around anyway, so he started by taking out about half of his sand. Next day, corals wide open, water parameters in check and fish perked up, everything back to normal.
Curious, I did some reading on the "old tank syndrome" mentioned by ben and it appears that it primarily pertains to deep sand beds, greater than say 4 or 5 inches, and the consensus seems to be that the onset is "generally" around the 2 year mark. Also, in general, a couple of cups of sand from someone else's established tanks is usually enough to get things going again. Just adding the biodiversity seems to help do the trick.
Again, all of this is general terms as no two tanks are the same, but I thought I'd share a real life experience from one of the local folks here who had the issue and what I had read. He's taken out about half of his sand and had no issues with cycling.
Yuma