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New to tropical fish - seeking some advice

Still trying to get my feeding right. Currently I feed twice a day with flakes and pellets for the Cory.
Neons seems to be very eager with the flakes, normally finishing most within 5 minutes. There are minor amounts left on the substrate.

Corys are very shy and it’s hard to get the pallet feed right. I’ve now adjusted to 1 or 2 max pallets a day and although they don’t normally finish in few minutes I find the pallets are normally gone next day (pallets melt to form mound of powder)

I suppose I will try to limit my feed to ensure minimal leftovers. I am thinking of skipping feed for a day in a week.

Still trying to figure out what the white fluffy flakes are. I suspect it could be decomposing flakes. They seem to accumulate daily so not really bothering to clean them for now.

I would reduce feeding to only once per day, on the days you feed; missing one or two days each week is OK, I do this. If there is upper-level fish foods (flake, etc) sitting on the substrate, too much is being fed. An adult neon tetra only needs one small flake per day for sufficient nutrition. Fish will always appear hungry (unless sick or really stuffed) and this misguides many into assuming they are not feeding enough. Fish in an aquarium do not require/use the same amount of food energy they do in the wild because they are not faced with some of the high-energy activities like predator escape and extensive searching for food. Think of it in human terms...sitting around on a couch all day requires far less energy that playing outdoor games or activities all day. And we know what results from excess food with inactivity.

The cory pellet number is difficult to explain. My non-fish neighbour once asked me how I know how much to feed, and I could not answer. It is intuitive learning I suppose. I have 41 mature cories in my 40g, and when I feed shrimp pellets I add about 8-9. These are usually gone within an hour or so. The Bug Bites I am very generous with, beecause most of these sink into the sand and the cories will spend hours filter feeeding the sand, which is healthy, natural, and well worth seeing too.
 
Neons seems to be very eager with the flakes, normally finishing most within 5 minutes. There are minor amounts left on the substrate.

Corys are very shy and it’s hard to get the pallet feed right. I’ve now adjusted to 1 or 2 max pallets a day and although they don’t normally finish in few minutes I find the pallets are normally gone next day (pallets melt to form mound of powder)
I try to feed my cardinals what they will eat in one minute and don't expect any to reach the substrate. The cories do take a few hours, but if you are seeing a mound the next morning that's too much. Like @Byron I am quite generous on bug bite day. It almost the perfect food as the tetras will get what they need before it hits the deck and then the cories can feed at their leisure.
 
Thanks @Byron and @seangee. Naturally as a beginner I'm always worried I'd starve the fish :)
I'll experiment reducing the feed to ensure that they are minimal wastage.
 
I also notice from time to time one of the Corys or Tetra will sprint up to the surface for gulp of air and immediately dart back into the water.

To me it doesn't look like they are gulping for air. The tank has lots of plants but I keep the light on for 11.5 hours a day. Hopefully it's normal behaviour?
 
I also notice from time to time one of the Corys or Tetra will sprint up to the surface for gulp of air and immediately dart back into the water.

To me it doesn't look like they are gulping for air. The tank has lots of plants but I keep the light on for 11.5 hours a day. Hopefully it's normal behaviour?

Certainly normal for cories [see below for the explanation from my profile of species in this genus], and probably not a problem with the tetra. Fish will often spot something on the surface assumed to be food (like an insect in the habitat) and dart up to get it. If they remain at or near the surface, and usually with more rapid respiration rate, or if they begin to gulp air, there may be a serious problem.

All species in the genus Corydoras will periodically and fairly regularly swim quickly to the surface for a gulp of air. The fish swallows the air and blood vessels in the hind gut extract oxygen from the air; it is then expelled through the vent the next time the fish breaches the surface for another gulp of air. This adaptation is believed to have evolved so that the fish can survive in poorly-oxygenated water such as drying pools during the dry season. It is however essential to the fish's well-being that it regularly swallows air; however, this action can be very minimal, depending upon the fish and the environment.

In the aquarium, this may be rare; I very seldom see any of my 41 wild cories do this, and I can sit in front of the tank for over an hour without seeing a single cory surface breach, but if the frequency increases noticeably it could be a sign of something in the water. If this is more frequent early in the morning, it may mean the buildup of CO2 during the night has robbed the water of sufficient oxygen, in which case surface disturbance needs to be increased.

I believe this trait is common to all genera in the Corydoradinae Sub-Family, and probably all the Callichthyidae Family genera. It is also common to some other catfish genera, such as Otocinclus and Parotocinclus.
 
Thanks @Byron. I personally don't think it's often, sometimes I notice it 2-3 times in an hour, sometimes none at all.
I can sometimes tell if one is planning to breach, he will normally swim up to the middle of the tank and take a slight pause before swimming to the surface and darting back to the bottom. Usually follow-up by a tiny bubble rising to the surface.

The Neon Tetras sometimes does this too but very rare compared to the corys. I think I need to read up more about the corydoras. They are definitely my favourite in the tank thus far. So cute :)
Just not easy spotting them due to substrate colour and the fact that they like to hide most of the time during the day. Also seem to be very shy, if they do come out and I try to take a photo they will swim away.
 
Feed the cories just before lights out and then watch them using the room light. They are nocturnal feeders anyway.
Warning: If like me your lights are set to go off at or near your bedtime this could result in loss of sleep :rofl:
 
Feed the cories just before lights out and then watch them using the room light. They are nocturnal feeders anyway.
Warning: If like me your lights are set to go off at or near your bedtime this could result in loss of sleep :rofl:

The pepper Corys are hard to spot with the lights in and even harder without lol.

I dropped a pallet around 30 minutes before lights out. Corys left it alone initially however this morning the mound is gone :)

I did consider getting frozen bloodworm to feed once weekly further down the line when my tank is fully stocked. Bit of hassle defrosting though ...
 
I did consider getting frozen bloodworm to feed once weekly further down the line when my tank is fully stocked. Bit of hassle defrosting though ...

You'll likely need to chop the little frozen blocks of worms in half and see how you get on. They can be quite a messy food that you wouldn't want excess of lying around. As such, they defrost in a matter of minutes. You're also better off cutting/mashing them up a little to assist the corys as they don't have teeth.
 
You'll likely need to chop the little frozen blocks of worms in half and see how you get on. They can be quite a messy food that you wouldn't want excess of lying around. As such, they defrost in a matter of minutes. You're also better off cutting/mashing them up a little to assist the corys as they don't have teeth.
Sounds like some prep is needed, don’t think the missus would appreciate me using her NutriBullet for that lol.

Daughter has some frozen food for her shrimps perhaps we will try that out once tank more established.

Will it be ok if I primarily feed with flakes and pallets? From the description on the bottle seems they have the right nutrients.
 
Fluval bug bites are really good to feed a few times a week. Flakes and pellets are also fine. Personally I try to use the "better quality" products that contain less filler and more food. This is better for the fish, does not foul the water as much and produces less fish waste. The extra cost is easily justified as they eat so little. I also like to offer a bit of variety.
My lineup includes
  • Bug bites
  • Omega one shrimp pellets
  • Omega one veggie rounds
  • Dennerle cookies
  • New Life Spectrum micro pellets
  • Omega One flakes
Last time I bought food Omega One and NLS was a bit hard to source in the UK and quite expensive. I have heard good reports of Northfin and am trying a few of Dennerle's products at the moment - their food is primarily insect based. I personally don't bother with frozen or freeze dried. Blanched spinach leaves and raw cucumber are also very popular with my fish.
 
Fluval bug bites are really good to feed a few times a week. Flakes and pellets are also fine. Personally I try to use the "better quality" products that contain less filler and more food. This is better for the fish, does not foul the water as much and produces less fish waste. The extra cost is easily justified as they eat so little. I also like to offer a bit of variety.
My lineup includes
  • Bug bites
  • Omega one shrimp pellets
  • Omega one veggie rounds
  • Dennerle cookies
  • New Life Spectrum micro pellets
  • Omega One flakes
Last time I bought food Omega One and NLS was a bit hard to source in the UK and quite expensive. I have heard good reports of Northfin and am trying a few of Dennerle's products at the moment - their food is primarily insect based. I personally don't bother with frozen or freeze dried. Blanched spinach leaves and raw cucumber are also very popular with my fish.

Thanks for the reply. I was over zealous and bought loads of the below. I’ll make note of your recommendation for my next purchase as we seem to have similar fish and setup :)

-Fish Science Corydora tablets
-TetraMin Tropical Flakes
-Hikari Micro pallets

edit: had look at Omega One veggie rounds and there seems to big price discrepancy between Amazon and eBay. £17 on eBay for 227g vs £50 on Amazon for similar. Bit fishy ... maybe it’s easier for us just to boil some cabbage or lettuce lol.
 
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A couple things to mention from recent posts on corydoras foods. And first thing, it is Corydoras for singlular or plural, as it is a genus name, never "Corydora"...I don't know how this got started, but you risk getting tossed off CorydorasWorld if you use "Corydora" lol.

If memory serves me correctly (it usually but not always does) Ian Fuller was consulted when the manufacturers of Fish Science Corydoras Tablets were developing this product, and he recommends them, along with Bug Bites.

The Hikari Micro Pellets are not good for Corydoras, as this is too much veggie matter and this is detrimental to the Corydoradinae fishes. Once a week is OK just to get them some veggie matter (this can aid in the intestinal tract health) but no more. Omega One Veggie Rounds are the same, only once a week is these are fed (but not with the Hikari, too much green stuff).

TetraMin Tropical Flakes OK for upper fish until gone, then switch to Omega One or New Life Spectrum with garlic.

Bug Bites really are (should be) a staple for all fish. There probably is not a more natural prepared food available. I feed this twice a week now to all my fish, alternate days are Omega One Veggie Flake/Veggie Rounds one day, and NLS flake with garlic one day (shrimp pellets for cories this day). Then one day treats, frozen daphnia (another excellent cory food) and frozen bloodworms.

On the frozen, always fully thaw in a small dish of warm water before putting this into the fish tank. I use a pipette made of a 15-inch piece of stiff tubing and a coil of soft air line tubing. Or if you don't want to risk sucking in this stuff (only happened once!) a poultry baster can be used.
 
A couple things to mention from recent posts on corydoras foods. And first thing, it is Corydoras for singlular or plural, as it is a genus name, never "Corydora"...I don't know how this got started, but you risk getting tossed off CorydorasWorld if you use "Corydora" lol.

If memory serves me correctly (it usually but not always does) Ian Fuller was consulted when the manufacturers of Fish Science Corydoras Tablets were developing this product, and he recommends them, along with Bug Bites.

The Hikari Micro Pellets are not good for Corydoras, as this is too much veggie matter and this is detrimental to the Corydoradinae fishes. Once a week is OK just to get them some veggie matter (this can aid in the intestinal tract health) but no more. Omega One Veggie Rounds are the same, only once a week is these are fed (but not with the Hikari, too much green stuff).

TetraMin Tropical Flakes OK for upper fish until gone, then switch to Omega One or New Life Spectrum with garlic.

Bug Bites really are (should be) a staple for all fish. There probably is not a more natural prepared food available. I feed this twice a week now to all my fish, alternate days are Omega One Veggie Flake/Veggie Rounds one day, and NLS flake with garlic one day (shrimp pellets for cories this day). Then one day treats, frozen daphnia (another excellent cory food) and frozen bloodworms.

On the frozen, always fully thaw in a small dish of warm water before putting this into the fish tank. I use a pipette made of a 15-inch piece of stiff tubing and a coil of soft air line tubing. Or if you don't want to risk sucking in this stuff (only happened once!) a poultry baster can be used.

Thanks for the tip on Corydoras, certainly wouldn't want to get tossed off ;)

I've ordered Fluval Bug Bites and will add them to the feed on certain days.
The Hikari Micro Pallets are for the Barbs that I'm getting next week, it comes recommended from the shop. Perhaps I will limit the feed to once as week as recommended.
 
Thanks for the tip on Corydoras, certainly wouldn't want to get tossed off ;)

I've ordered Fluval Bug Bites and will add them to the feed on certain days.
The Hikari Micro Pallets are for the Barbs that I'm getting next week, it comes recommended from the shop. Perhaps I will limit the feed to once as week as recommended.

Shops and aquarists rarely see eye to eye. Do not listen to advice from the shop. Having said that, if you have not opened the Hikari, see if they will take it back in exchange for a better product. It is not that Hikari will poison your fish or something, obviously not, but when there are better alternatives it is best to use them.
 

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