But everybody here always says that the bacteria in the substarte and decor are minimal, well everybody except me and a few other stalwarts who no longer accept many of the urban aquarium myths. Your gravel or sand, your decor, your plants are all home to the bacteria. And the better the circulation in a tank, the more bacteria can and will thrive in places beside the filter- assuming the bio-load requires it.
All the bacteria want is food and oxygen, bring that to them anywhere in a tank and they will colonize and thrive as long as the food and O keep arriving.
But even if only 20% of one's total bacteria lived outside of the filter(s) this may not be a problem. Since both ammonia and nitrite oxidizers can double in under a day, 20%x2= 40% x2= 80% x2= fully up to par in under three days. If one did not test, the only way to know there might be a problem is if you saw fish showing symptoms of either ammonia or nitrite poisoning.
Which brings things to another topic- exactly how toxic are ammonia and nitrite? The answer depends on what fish, what levels of ammonia and nitrite and then what pH and tank temp. Many fish will get through short term ammonia/nitrite readings with no permanent damage and only minimal short term issues as well. It is always best not to subject fish to any levels of ammonia or nitrite, but it is also realistic to know the difference between doing irreparable harm and merely causing short term discomfort. Think of it this way. If a bus goes by as your walking in the street the exhaust fumes may be unpleasant, may make you sneeze and, if its a bad day with many buses, even give you a headache. This is a lot different than if you lock yourself in the garage, start your car engine and then sit there until you asphyxiate.