I am not answering for McSealTeam on the behaviour of his/her pearl gourami, but I can offer some ichthyological comments on gouramis.
This group of fish is very akin to cichlids in their behaviours with respect to territory, male/female interaction, "dither" fish, etc. Males of all gourami species are territorial, some very highly so, others less aggressively. Many also drive females hard, so ratios of 1 male to 2 females and similar is sometimes best, depending upon species.
Aside from the above, the neon tetra is not one of the best community fish when you have larger more domineering fish such as gourami present. I was in a local fish store one day and stood in front of a tank holding a group of neons and a few blue gourami (Trichopodus trichopteris) which admittedly are much more territorial and aggressive than pearls. Two of the gourami encircled a lone neon, and within a matter of seconds managed to eat it. The gourami were no where near full size either.
The pearls are less aggressive, but as I mentioned previously individual fish do not always adhere to the norm. In a suitably aquascaped tank (floating plants are mandatory), and of sufficient size such as the mentioned 55g (4-foot length presumably), I would look to the less linear and more rounded fish. Rasbora (not the dwarf species obviously, but the medium sized such as the Harlequin) make good tankmates, as they are similarly sedate fish like the gourami, and there are several disk-shaped tetras that would be good, like the Rosy Tetra, Roberti Tetra, Black and Red Phantoms, etc. Just avoid any fin-nipping species.
Byron.