Vallisneria like hard water, and ar heavy root feeders, responding well to substrate fertilization. If you address those issues and still have problems then it is usually an issue of light and C02. Vals are one of the plants that are capable under some circumstances to obtain C02, (carbon) by stripping the carbonate hardness molecule, (KH) which will cause a sharp pH swing.
This is called Biogenic decalcification.
The definition of this is:
When there is a carbon dioxide deficiencey in the water, plants can derive CO2 from the hardening constituents of the carbonate hardness. First they split the hydrogen carbonates into CO2 and carbonates. This causes the pH to rise about one step and the largely insoluable carbonates precipitate and form rough deposits on the leaves and substrate. Some plants such as Vallisneria can even destroy the carbonates and obtain CO2 from them. This raises the pH again by another step. Biogenic decalcification thus causes the water to be 10 to 100 times more alkaline than it was previous. In the dark, the process reverses and the pH drops considerably. Thus these continous large pH swings can pose a significant risk to the well being of fish and animals. The solution is to add enough CO2 to the water and have a significant carbonate level to act as a buffer.
BTW, that is a great looking tank Jim! I love it!