Algae regenerate by sexual reproduction, involving male and female
gametes (sex cells), by
asexual reproduction, or by both ways.
Asexual reproduction is the production of progeny without the union of cells or nuclear material. Many small algae reproduce asexually by ordinary
cell division or by fragmentation, whereas larger algae reproduce by
spores. Some red algae produce
monospores (walled, nonflagellate, spherical cells) that are carried by water currents and upon
germination produce a new organism. Some
green algae produce nonmotile spores called
aplanospores, while others produce
zoospores, which lack true cell walls and bear one or more
flagella. These flagella allow zoospores to swim to a favourable
environment, whereas monospores and aplanospores have to rely on passive transport by water currents.