Salty&Onion
Fish Aficionado
Maybe the tank is not too small, daily water changes, but who wants to do daily water changes?Tank is not too small as long as he stays on top of maintenance. Absolute minimum is 2.5 gallons with very diligent care. If your brother though doesn't want to commit to daily water changes, go 5-10g. Otherwise, small daily changes with 1x a week total change will be fine with lots of plants and with a filter. You can make a DIY filter to fit the tank he has using tubing, a filter sponge, and an airpump.
The betta's eyes appear to be a genetic condition called diamond eye, where the scales grow over the eye. Most common in dragonscales, but seems your brother's betta lost the unlucky lottery
I say go for 5-10 gallon one and get a nice sponge filter too.