The thing about fish growing to the size of an aquarium is total b**l. LFSs that suggest this drive me insane!!!
Bala sharks grow to 12 inches. If they don't, you should be worried.
Stunting is when a fish cannot grow to its full size because of the size of the tank or over-crowding. Many fish are believed to release hormones into the water that keep them from exceeding the size of the tank or the room that is available. Frequent water changes can limit this but it can never be completely eliminated. In the wild, obviously, this wouldn't have a negative effect on them as they have plenty of room to thrive.
In a sense, this may sound like a good thing - until you realise what's actualy happening. You see, the fish doesn't grow as far as you can SEE, but inside, its internal organs keep growing and developing... You can imagine the result. Eventualy the fish dies a horribly slow and painful death.
You should NEVER keep a fish in a tank too small for its adult size. A fish like a bala shark NEEDS the company of others like itself. It also is active and requires room to swim. Even 1.5 inch zebra danios cannot be kept in a 10 gallon, so suggesting a bala shark can is obviously ridiculous. Just because a fish may seem ok, alive, eating and so on, it doesn't mean it's truly happy.
As aquarists and hopefuly fish-lovers we should not just try to keep fish alive. We should also always strive to allow them a chance to thrive. They did not ask to be kept in a tank a fraction of the size of their natural environment and they deserve more.
I think it is important to voice this so I'm sorry if I offended anyone. Usualy people involved don't know any better because of bad advice and no research of their own (which you can't blame them for - LFSs SHOULD be reliable - unfortunately they aren't).
Now if the reason you do this is because you want the fish and don't have the patience (not aiming this at anyone just for anyone who perhaps has considered it) to wait for your chance to get it a suitable home and take the time to learn about the requirements of your fish, I'd say you shouldn't be keeping any fish at all.
However, I can understand putting younger fish in a temporary small home until they get large enough to stick up for themselves with adults in a large tank or similar but you should still make sure they are not hindered by their environment or stunted and they should be kept with others of their own kind if necessary and be well-looked after. If you find the bigger tank is not ready, you must not simply leave the poor fish to suffer while it waits. Do take it into account and re-home it for its own good and for your conscience!