Hi augustaranger
It's heartbreaking to loose a lot of fry in a short time. They are very delicate and there are so many things that can go wrong. There's often no easy answer to why they fail. Believe me, it still happens to me too.
There are a various things you can try the next time your corys spawn. You could experiment with using a thin layer of sand on the bottom or using a bare bottomed tank. Some people squeeze filer gook into the tank and let it settle to the bottom. The fry will hide in it and eat microorganisms they find there, at least for the first days of their lives.
If you use a bare bottomed tank, be sure to wipe it down, especially the bottom, every day to avoid getting a build up of uneaten food and harmful bacteria.
You might try with a little warmer temperature. Perhaps if fluctuates more than you think, especially at night.
Take care not to batter them about too much, either when doing water changes, or from the airstone.
LiquiFry is good for them at the beginning, but can quickly pollute the water if you miss a water change or two. I've found that while you can successfully use a small tank for a time (and there are successful breeders who do) a 5 or ten gallon is easier to maintain.
Above all, don't get discouraged. It might take several attempts before you succeed, but your corys are going to try again and probably soon. Feed them lots of either live blackworms or frozen bloodworms to get them ready. These foods will make them strong and healthy and aid them to develop lots of eggs.
From what you've written, it sounds like you've done good research and I'm looking forward to reading about your future success with them.