But some fish do prefer to live with others of the same species, right?
This is a misunderstanding of the actual issue. Among freshwater fish species, there are those that must be in a group. Some call them schooling, I think shoaling is a better term, but that doesn't matter. All characins (tetras, pencilfish, hatchetfish, characidium), cyprinids (rasboras, danios, barbs, loaches), rainbowfish, and many substrate fish (corydoras example) are shoaling fish. They live in groups, this is a inherent trait of the species. It is part of their genetic blueprint. The individual fish "expect" to be in a group, and some species have varying ways of showing this like hierarchies. To deny any of these fish a group is inhumane because it is something the fish must have and serious consequences result when it is not provided. It is not a matter of preference, it is a basic need.
Gourami live in very loose aggregates. All males are territorial; the degree to which they exercise this inherent need for "their" space varies with species, and individual fish. But they need the space.
In all of the above, when the basic needs of the species are lacking, trouble follows. Stress can occur over long periods, weeks and even months, without any sign to the aquarist. Some individual fish deal better than others with all this. But stress increases aggression, this is scientific fact. And at some point there is a "snapping point" after which there is no remedy.
To add another gourami in with the aggressive gourami you now have is cruel and inhumane, period. There is no other way to put it, I'm sorry.