The ugf filter consists of a plate with small holes or something through it so water can pass whille the gravel rests on top, At one end or more an uplift tube should come up to near the surface, and an airstone is usually inserted into each one the bubbles from the airstone create a current that runs through the gravel and plates and up the tubes. The bhacetria that handles the chenges through amonia and nitrite, are located mostly in the gravel and the base of the aqurium under the gravel and the plate and a current runs the water through here