Basically anything that lives on or around the rock in the wild could still be on it. Crabs are fairly common (I think mainly because they can survive pretty well out of water as long as they are kept damp and they are pretty hard to kill off). Unfortunetly it tends to be that the hardier critters are often the ones we dont really want
Some things are less likely to survive being removed from the sea and transported (sponges for example) but their larvee/spores/eggs may survive fine within the rock which is why you can often start off with some pretty lifeless looking rock then after a few weeks suddenly find new things spring up from nowhere.
Apart from one peice of LR I bought from my LFS all the rest looked pretty dead (it was just bare, empty looking rock).
However I have:
At least 4 crabs (1 is now about 2" across the other 1"),
1 strange worm (cant remeber the name of it now but it took weeks to ID it),
Lots of little feather dusters and lots of little brittle stars (these mostly came from one rock that a coral was attached to and are spreading out a lot now),
Loads of bristleworms.
One small black and white snail.
One small white snail.
A spaghetti worm which has moved into one of the empty shells that are in the tank for the hermits.
Loads of little pod's
Some very pretty orange and brown Zoa's
A small Corallimorph
Some weird thing I have never fully seen but has extendable tenticals which it puts out over the rocks at night.
Some other weird pink blob which extends little hollow tubes.
Loads of other stuff I have probably never seen
My tank has been running now since September and I'm still seeing new stuff appearing in it.