Darn it, I just picked up a fresh water Flounder a little bit ago and just found out that it will need brackish water.
With a few exceptions, yes, all the commonly traded flounders are brackish/saltwater fish. The hogchoker sole that is the ubiquitous flounder of the US tropical fish trade for example is a brackish water fish. Even in the UK, where more species are sold, truly freshwater species such as
Euryglossa harmandi are very rare.
I wish the fish store lady would have told me this (I know it's really my own fault for not reading about the fish first).
Quite. If you go to a clothes store, you don't expect the clerk to tell you to get a pair of trousers that fit you correctly. Likewise, it isn't really a tropical fish store clerk's job to make sure you buy fish you can keep. It would be nice if they did, but realistically, you need to be sensible here and read up on oddball fish before laying down any cash.
I have no other fish that are brackish, so I don't want to add salt.
Then take back the flounder. Or else, set up a brackish water tank. Those are the two responsible, humane options. There aren't any others.
How quickly is it going to die?
Varies, but within a few months. You'll initially notice it swims about restlessly, particularly at night (most flounders are nocturnal) and eats very little. It slowly starves, and then eventually dies.
Cheers, Neale