Zaphan, maybe I was a little bit off topic. My answer is specifically for plantless tanks. If you're just decorating your tank with plastic plants, or rocks/woods, then having none to very little light will take care of your algae problem. It's simple as that.
People often get algae after they added plants because those plants probably came from LFS' tanks that have algae. If you get those plants from a healthy tank, there shouldn't be any algae. Nevertheless, you can also get algae from the air.
To answer Jeef's question, plants compete with algae for food. If plants absorb all the nutrients, then there won't be any left for algae. This is why plant people strive for an optimal environment for plant growth by adding lots of macros and micros, along with high light and CO2 injection. Of course, I'm being very general about this.