all of the above are correct but controlled by one important thing. Circulation.
Not necessarily the power of the filter but the water needs to circulate as evenly as possible. This can be achieved by positioning your outlet inlet in different areas until you find the best one.
Might sound simple but factors inluding plants and hardscape come into the equation because they are obstacles to the water flow. simply increasing the filter output can improve things but not always.
This is much more important than CO2 because it will also ensure good nutrient deliver (of which carbon is one) So good pressurised CO2 is one thing. Getting to the desired ares is another.
Andy