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Some medications leave an oily film on the water surface which is bad for labyrinth fishes. The issue with the plants is more that he needs hiding places. Live plants also clean the water, but a Betta's water should not be dirty if you feed correctly. Artificial plants and decorations might...

My guess she ate something gross and maybe stress from water quality, age, or something you don't know about, meant she didn't fight off the infection and it caused organ failure. It's probably a pathogen that is present everywhere, you can try to reduce the numbers through changing water which...

Well, the bacterial infection and organ failure is due to poor water conditions and dirt, at least partly, but yeah

And you as his father view him as a bastard?

I find a nitrate of 18ppm using that test strip app will vary depending on light conditions you scan the strip with. In general though I have found a reading of 18ppm using that corresponds to a reading of 5ppm or less using a liquid test. Those strips are uncomplicated to use though - I have...

1. I found those JBL test strips are not terribly accurate (love the idea though, they are much more precise than a colour chart judged by eye from a liquid test) 2. If you have cardinals and otos just leave it be - if anything those fish would prefer things with even less pH and kH than that...

Interesting. The results people have found is likely because certain green excluding spectra harm the ability of carotenoids to absorb light and act as an accessory in photosynthesis. Plants in shady forests are probably evolved to use light with reduced red and blue to it's best use. I wonder...

Just want to clarify so I found this pic on bing. I think @noobfish knows this, this is just to help people realise the graph I found is a different thing to the temperature spectrum of the lamps that aquarists use...

The only reason reflected green light is naturally present is because it is not absorbed by the plant pigments because it is not used. If our light source lacks green I would assume the plants in our tanks would look grey or even black. So yes, in that sense it is for aesthetics. Whether...

Add another dose of ammonia now and check if it is zero ammonia and nitrites tomorrow.

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/B9Lnpy6IMAIBNvV.png

Remember that if you catch up with cycling that 12ppm ammonia could become 50ppm nitrite..... which will not be safe. An acid tank will more than likely do that slowly or not at all ofc. So you still want to be dumping the nitrogen out in water changes or plant trimmings ultimately.

I don't know which is right - but @Avel1896 seems to link Seriously Fish for just about everything not the Pea Puffer. But I agree 4 should be ok if the dimensions of the 10 gallon are long enough in case they need personal space in addition to company to not feel stressed.

Sometimes my gouramis stare at me when I'm naked....

For me, testing is part of the fun :P But I totally get you. It's fairly obvious the reason most manufacturers sell test kits is to convince you to buy pH potions and magical nitrate removers that don't do anything.

I suppose algae and/or plants could be using up all of the available CO2, so that there is now even less than degassed tap water. pH greater than 8 seems high for 9gH water, but I'm no expert. Maybe you are overthinking things and the presence of of fish respiring will make things more normal.

Bet your parents are pleased you waste money on your fish rather than drinking, smoking, drugs and gambling.

Have you been testing for ammonia, nitrite and nitrate?

The raising in the bowls you see is the de-gassing of the CO2. A portion of the CO2 dissolved in the water will ionise into carbonic acid, depending on how much kH you have. Damage to coral from ocean acidification is an actual positive feedback worry due to increased CO2 in atmosphere. If you...

I think that's why I have settled on non API liquid testing, and even then JBL wide range pH looks same to me from 6 to 8. so that will replaced with a narrow range pH test when both that and my old API pH kit run out

Using both strips and liquid at the same time, I find my eyesight is too bad to judge anything at all on a strip. I tried JBL strips that use your phone camera to measure the colour, but I found it was always over-estimating nitrate.... though for most purposes that might be good thing. Totally...

....or if you don't want to deal with fry I guess make sure there's not plenty of hiding places?

box filters - there's a blast from the past :)

Mostly agree with everything you say, but wasn't pH a proxy for hardness? Though I realise that is kind of the point you are making. Spending money on things you don't need for fishkeeping stuff you don't need is sort of like buying clothes you might never wear. It's part of the fun of the...

Many people I am certain keep successful aquariums by guessing; on a new aquarium water change everyday, gradually increase the stock, eventually just water change weekly or so whether you think you need to or not. If any problems occur however, testing the water will remove a lot of the...

I don't have a chart to compare the strip to... and I am not good at interpreting them even then, Even if I was they are inaccurate compared to liquid tests with test tubes and drops. But to answer your main question: Fish waste and rotting uneaten food produces ammonia, which is toxic, this...

Is the intake holes all covered in gunk and blocked?

Assume you already seen these but and

If your tank is in a bedroom, maybe get the digital version of the above. Eventually the internal battery will fail to recharge itself and they usually no replaceable but they don't cost much more than the clockwork ones. I bought one like the above... and the tic tic tic tic was surprisingly...

Is Seachem Purigen the same thing basically?

Oh ok. Maybe you just had bad luck with a runt one then. It might be safer to add in larger batches just in case I was right, but you are correct, you do no want to be adding too many in one go. I think stuff like this is why people will add the whole shoal of one species at a time. I've read...

You are certainly not overstocked, though the tank is relatively young, so maybe slower slocking was needed. I suppose neons can be weak in general and have disease issues - but that would be slow attrition (perhaps the reason why neons sell well in the shops), not 10 overnight. And you can't...

I would guess it might be be too few tetras in too small a tank. When I read care guides I always used to wonder why tetras have comparitively massive tanks for such tiny fish. My guess is sometimes they need to avoid the rest of the shoal because of breeding and pecking order politics. I also...

I try to, but they keep looking at me - so I don't know :P

Is it coral sand?

We don't know how high the ammonia got due to potential overfeeding though. But yes, perhaps something else is more likely

Theoretically 1 guppy for 2.5 gallons (and stocking above that level is possible if you are careful). BUT.... I think they need to be in larger groups, and they likely need a larger swimming space - they are not lazy like Betta. seriously fish page

While I agree with post 2, is there anything different you remember doing to not kill the the fish you had a few years ago? If there is a fish in the water making ammonia, you can remove the ammonia in three ways. Maybe before you were giving the fish clean water daily? Maybe you packed their...

My LFS uses relatively dim lights, even enough that fish look more washed out colourwise than they are. The cories usually sleeping most of time like ones at home. Of course when a net goes in they suddenly hardest fish in shop to catch