First of all, there are fish that are born that way and there are fish that develop a bend spine. If born this way, it's mostly a poor genetic history the fish has like heavily inbreeding. But a bend spine that has been developed over time, could be still bad genetics, insufficiency of certain nutrients, age, the caudal is too big for the body, too many pregnancies and a too heavy pregnancy (extreme big belly during pregnancy).
The percentage of a deformity in offspring is hard to tell. That may differ per individual female guppy how the percentage in the offspring will be. Which also means that a female guppy with a bend spine can also produce offspring with normal spines. But again, it can not be determined what the percentage will be of a normal or bend spine in the offspring. To avoid the risk, don't breed these bend guppies.