I've always fed my fish a varied diet, but I'm honestly not convinced that different dry foods have as much of an impact on color as they claim on the packaging. Lots of frozen high protein foods seems to help with color some, but not a lot.
I usually choose my fish food based on ingredients and guaranteed analysis rather than what they claim on the packaging about color boosts. That said, I love feeding lots of variety.
For prepared foods, my fish get Omega One Veggie Rounds, New Life Spectrum Algae Max, New Life Spectrum Cichlid Formula, API Tropical Greens Flakes, Fluval Bug Bites, Cobalt Color Flakes, Fluval Color Max, and Omega One Super Color Flakes.
For frozen foods they get Bloodworms, Brine Shrimp, Tubifex Worms, Daphnia, and Mysis Shrimp. Once in a blue moon I offer blanched Zucchini.
IME, the best way to get your fish as vibrant as possible is matching their ideal hardness and pH levels. A lot of fish have a wider range they will tolerate, but when your water is at their ideal levels they will be much more vibrant. At one point I started softening my water considerably because I was adding Cardinal Tetras to the tank, which require that. My Harlequin Rasboras, who had been in the tank for years, suddenly got a lot more vibrant when I made that change. I was amazed at the difference.
This may sound counter intuitive, but I've also found that making sure that the aquarium light isn't too bright can help with fish coloring. Many species of fish are not fond of bright lighting, and choosing a less powerful light or introducing lots of floating plant to diffuse the light will increase their comfort level enough that they become more vibrant.
Fish can get washed out against very light substrates, but will often be more vibrant against darker ones. Something to do with their trying to match the substrate slightly so they don't stand out as easily to predators.
Fish can also get washed out from stress, and this is especially common in schooling fish. Making sure they have proper sized groups helps in a lot of ways, but brighter coloring is one of the more visible ones. You'll often get better coloring in fish that have plenty of male and females of their own kind to show off for, too.
While it doesn't actually change the color of the fish, I've found that adding a black background to the tank will make their colors pop to the point it looks like they are brighter.